Case Documents

  • United States v. Arthrex0

    Justia Opinion Summary and Annotations Administrative Patent Judges (APJs) conduct adversarial proceedings for challenging the validity of an existing patent before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board (PTAB), 35 U.S.C. 6(a), (c). The Secretary of Commerce appoints PTAB members, including APJs, except the Director, who is nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate.

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  • California v. Texas0

    Justia Opinion Summary and Annotations The 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act required most Americans to obtain minimum essential health insurance coverage and imposed a monetary penalty upon most individuals who failed to do so; 2017 amendments effectively nullified the penalty. Several states and two individuals sued, claiming that without the penalty, the Act’s

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  • Nestlé USA, Inc. v. Doe0

    Justia Opinion Summary and Annotations Six individuals from Mali alleged that they were trafficked into Ivory Coast as child slaves to produce cocoa; they sued U.S.-based companies, Nestlé and Cargill, citing the Alien Tort Statute (ATS), which provides federal courts jurisdiction to hear claims brought “by an alien for a tort only, committed in violation

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  • Trump v. New York0

    Justia Opinion Summary and Annotations Every 10 years, the U.S. undertakes an “Enumeration” of its population “in such Manner” as Congress “shall by Law direct.” The Secretary of Commerce must “take a decennial census of population . . . in such form and content as he may determine,” 13 U.S.C. 141(a), and report to the

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  • Shinn v. Kayer, 592 U.S.0

    Justia Opinion Summary and Annotations Kayer murdered Haas in 1994. Kayer was convicted of premeditated first-degree murder, refused to fully cooperate with a mitigation specialist, and refused to agree to a continuance. The court ruled him competent to make that choice. At sentencing, Kayer again refused an offer of more time and stated he would

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  • Rutledge v. Pharmaceutical Care Management Association0

    Justia Opinion Summary and Annotations Pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs) reimburse pharmacies for the cost of drugs covered by prescription-drug plans by administering maximum allowable cost (MAC) lists. In 2015, Arkansas passed Act 900, which requires PBMs to reimburse Arkansas pharmacies at a price at least equal to the pharmacy’s wholesale cost, to update their MAC

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There are always cases that the Supreme Court of the United States hears. These cases are designed to decide important legal issues. The cases are decided by the Supreme Court through a review of the arguments made in the case. The court is a form of government, in that it is responsible for the administration, interpretation, and enforcement of the law.

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